Understanding Grief

If you feel foggy, overwhelmed, numb, angry, guilty — or okay and then suddenly not — you’re not broken; you’re grieving. Your rhythm is valid.

1) Types of Grief

Grief has many shapes. Naming them helps normalise what you’re feeling and reduces the shame of thinking you’re “doing it wrong”.

Anticipatory grief

Grieving before a death or major change (e.g. terminal illness or the slow decline of dementia). Relief later is common and human.

Everyday example: A carer watching their partner lose memories feels sorrow at each forgotten detail — even while their partner is still here.

Complicated / prolonged grief

After sudden or traumatic loss, pain can stay raw. Persistent yearning, avoiding reminders, or feeling life has stopped may need specialist support.

Everyday example: A parent avoids the accident route for years because the wound still feels fresh.

Disenfranchised grief

Grief that isn’t publicly recognised — miscarriage, pet bereavement, the death of an ex-partner, or a friendship ending.

Everyday example: After a miscarriage, “at least you can try again” feels invalidating and isolating.

Collective grief

Communities grieve together after disasters, wars, pandemics, or national events. It can stir older losses and also create solidarity.

Everyday example: During the pandemic, many grieved lost routines and milestones as well as people.

Secondary losses

Beyond the person, you may lose routines, roles, finances, and identity. Waves can return months or years later.

Everyday example: After losing a spouse, someone also grieves Sunday rituals or being introduced as “a couple”.

Childhood grief

Children grieve in bursts — cycling between tears and play. They revisit grief as they grow and understand more.

Everyday example: A 7-year-old cries at bedtime but seems fine in the morning; switching is normal processing.

Ambiguous grief

Someone is alive but profoundly changed (addiction, severe mental illness, brain injury, advanced dementia).

Everyday example: “It feels like I’ve lost them twice.”

2) Why Grief Feels Overwhelming

Grief is whole-body. The brain, nervous system, and relationships all shift at once.

None of these mean you’re failing — they mean your brain is adapting to a huge change.

3) Sarah’s Story

“When my mum died, I thought I had to be strong and go back to normal fast. But normal had changed. A group told me: ‘Everyone’s rhythm is different.’ It didn’t fix the pain, but it let me breathe.”

4) Anxiety & Depression in Grief

Anxiety can bring restlessness and “what if” spirals; depression can bring emptiness and loss of motivation. These are overload, not weakness. If thoughts of self-harm appear or daily life becomes unmanageable, seek extra support.

5) What Helps Day-to-Day

Tiny routines: one anchor — tea by the window, two-minute stretch, water a plant.

Breathing: in for 4, out for 6 (2 mins). Long exhale signals “safe enough”.

Sleep & appetite: gentle wind-down, dim light, regular meals/snacks.

Memories: memory box or photo corner; tangible reminders matter.

Permission: tears, anger, laughter, rest — all valid waves of love.

Connection: one honest check-in; ask for a 10-minute call or a walk.

6) Rituals & Continuing Bonds

7) Anniversaries & Triggers Plan

8) Children & Teens

9) Practical Admin After a Loss (UK/Scotland)

Starter list — not everything will apply. One small step at a time.

10) For Friends & Family (What Helps)

Good words & actions

  • “I’m so sorry. I’m here.” (no fixing)
  • Practical help: food shop, lifts, admin calls
  • Use the person’s name if the griever is comfortable
  • Check in again after the first few weeks

Avoid

  • “At least…” statements
  • Timelines (“You should be over it”)
  • Unasked-for advice or comparison stories

11) Where to Find Support

Important Note

The information on this page is for general understanding and support. It is not a substitute for professional medical, psychological, or legal advice. If you feel unable to keep yourself safe or someone else is at risk, call 999 (UK) immediately. If you’re outside the UK, contact your local emergency number.